[KYUUBI #6171] Drop building support for Flink 1.16

# Description

We already marked the support for Flink 1.16 as deprecated, this PR drops the building support for Flink 1.16, while we still keep the cross-version verification to ensure the Flink engine still works on Flink 1.16 runtime.

## Types of changes 🔖

- [ ] Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
- [ ] New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
- [ ] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to change)

## Test Plan 🧪

Pass GA.

---

# Checklist 📝

- [x] This patch was not authored or co-authored using [Generative Tooling](https://www.apache.org/legal/generative-tooling.html)

**Be nice. Be informative.**

Closes #6171 from pan3793/drop-flink-116-profile.

Closes #6171

2dd74eca7 [Cheng Pan] Drop building support for Flink 1.16

Authored-by: Cheng Pan <chengpan@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Cheng Pan <chengpan@apache.org>

.github/workflows/master.yml

@@ -185,7 +185,6 @@ jobs:
         java:
           - 8
         flink:
-          - '1.16'
           - '1.17'
           - '1.18'
         flink-archive: [ "" ]

pom.xml

@@ -2315,13 +2315,6 @@
             </repositories>
         </profile>
 
-        <profile>
-            <id>flink-1.16</id>
-            <properties>
-                <flink.version>1.16.3</flink.version>
-            </properties>
-        </profile>
-
         <profile>
             <id>flink-1.17</id>
             <properties>